How the IT effect Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

How the IT effect Management - Research Paper Example According to, the management expert  Peter Drucker  (1909-2005)(BusinessDictionary.com, 2012), the central  task  of management includes both the factors of marketing and innovation.   Management comprises of the interrelated  functions  of creating  corporate policy  and  planning, organizing, controlling, and  directing  an  organization's  resources, towards the path of achieving the end goals and objectives of that  policy, such as productivity and increase in sales, expansion etc. The Managers and Directors are in the controlling position and they also have the  authoritative power  and  responsibility, to control human and material resources, making layouts and if change is the best option, then planning, executing and implementing the change process, to achieve efficiency and affectivity both. The managers have the insight and experience to create a vision for the organization, using Information Technology as a tool and a guiding force. Theà ‚  size  of management can vary  from one  person  in a small organization, to a host of managerial positions in multinational  companies. ... Information Technology: Information Technology (I.T) are the Standard Set of  certain specified tools, processes, and  methodologies, such as: programming or coding,  Ã‚  data  conversion,  data communications, storage  and retrieval, and more elaborately speaking, system control, systems analysis  and  design etc, that along with  associated  equipment  employed  to collect,  process, and present  information. In wide-ranging  terms, IT also includes  multimedia, office automation and  telecommunications (BusinessDictionary.com, 2012). Various Aspects of Management and their relationship with Information Technology: Project Management, Human resource management, Change management etc. 1) Relationship between Information Technology and Project Management: Project Management can be defined by the PMI (Project Management Institute) as, applying and dedicating expertise, tools, knowledge, skills and techniques to project activities to fulfill the projec t’s requirements (PMI, 2004, p.368, as cited in LeBlanc, 2008)). Project managers are the ones, who are responsible for the project activities, its starting and end date, they are crucial to the project from start to finish. Whether, it is delivering a service, product or increasing the organization’s productivity and sales etc. The fastest growing industry, especially in the developing countries is the Information Technology sector. No organization can prosper or grow without having a strong and competitive I.T department. But as the demand for I.T is increasing, so is the need for strong project managers, as the two go hand in hand. Mostly I.T projects fail due to estimated and actual cost over-run, which is due to lack of

Drugs And Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Drugs And Society - Assignment Example The paper gives an in-depth analysis of the areas stated above. Drug abuse is a complex disorder that is characterized by a compulsive need for drugs and alcohol even if it has negative effects. Antecedents can be defined as the factors that encourage an individual to engage in drug abuse. Some individuals use drugs to escape emotional stress or physical pain (NIDA, 2010). Risk of addiction is affected by many aspects including age or stage of development, sociological and biological factors. These factors increase an individual’s vulnerability to drug abuse. The biological factors are dictated upon by the genetic make up of an individual together with the environmental influences. NIDA (2010) stipulates that these factors account for fifty percent of vulnerability among individuals. Additional factors that fall under this category include ethnicity and gender as they may influence the risk for drug use and addiction. The environment has an impact on an individual since it affects the quality of life and the socioeconomic status (NIDA, 2010). Factors including peer pressure, stress, physical and social abuse and parental involvement affect a persons way of life making them more vulnerable to drug abuse. The environmental and genetic factors interact with developmental stages in a person’s life to affect the level of vulnerability. It is observed that if an individual starts using drugs at an early age, they are likely to advance to higher levels of addiction. Drug abuse in the adolescent years is quite dangerous since important development of the brain takes place at this stage. This affects their self control, decision making and judgment. Drug abuse affects society in multiple ways, the health and social costs associated with illicit use are staggering. The nation spends approximately $69.9 billion annually on health complications caused by